Shore Flies
Shore flies (Scatella stagnalis) are small, dark-colored flies commonly found in greenhouses, nurseries, and damp crop production areas. Their larvae develop in moist soil, algae, or decaying organic matter, feeding on roots and organic debris. While adults are mostly a nuisance and do not directly damage plants, the larvae can cause minor root damage and create favorable conditions for pathogen development, especially in hydroponic and high-moisture environments.
Shore flies reproduce quickly, and large populations can become difficult to manage if conditions remain favorable. They are often mistaken for fungus gnats but can be distinguished by their behavior and life cycle.
Recognize the signs of infestation
Sticky traps capture adults. Wing spots and habitat near algae help distinguish them from fungus gnats.
- Small dark flies near water or damp areas: Adults often hover over wet soil, trays, or algae-covered surfaces.
- Larval damage: Tiny larvae feed on algae and roots, which can lead to reduced root growth and minor wilting.
- Algae growth: Their presence is often associated with excessive algae in pots, trays, or greenhouse floors.
- Nuisance swarms: Large populations of adults can be distracting for workers and reduce aesthetic quality of ornamental crops.
- Egg clusters: Tiny white eggs may be visible on moist surfaces or in organic debris.
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